{"id":2690,"date":"2022-01-27T13:20:23","date_gmt":"2022-01-27T18:20:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kafgw.org\/?page_id=2690"},"modified":"2026-03-27T07:33:45","modified_gmt":"2026-03-27T11:33:45","slug":"summary-of-korean-american-immgration-history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/kafgw.org\/ko\/summary-of-korean-american-immgration-history\/","title":{"rendered":"Summary of Korean American Immgration History"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!-- VideographyWP Plugin Message: Automatic video embedding prevented by plugin options. --><br \/>\n[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Header&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/kafgw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/background-banner.png&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;4%|4%|4%|4%|true|true&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#1b123d&#8221; border_width_bottom=&#8221;8px&#8221; border_color_bottom=&#8221;#e02b20&#8243; border_width_left=&#8221;8px&#8221; border_color_left=&#8221;#e02b20&#8243; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_font=&#8221;Noto Sans KR|900|||||||&#8221; header_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; header_font_size=&#8221;50px&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; width=&#8221;80%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1600px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;50px&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;40px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>Summary of Korean American Immigration History<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;About&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_enable_image=&#8221;off&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_center&#8221; z_index=&#8221;10&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;||147px|||&#8221; collapsed=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; z_index__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; z_index__hover=&#8221;11&#8243;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_font=&#8221;||on||||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Noto Sans KR|700|on||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;35px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;35px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;26px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Summary of Korean American Immigration History<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_font=&#8221;Noto Sans KR||||||||&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;34px&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;Noto Sans KR|900|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;30px&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1600px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||1em||false|false&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;30px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;18px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;rgba(51,51,51,0.18)&#8221; border_width_bottom=&#8221;1px&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>K<\/strong><strong>orean Immigration 1903 <\/strong><strong>\u2013 <\/strong><strong>Present<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h5><em><strong>First Wave:<\/strong> <strong>\u00a01903<\/strong><strong> \u2013 <\/strong><strong>1949<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n<p>The first significant wave of immigration started in 1903, when Koreans arrived in Hawaii to work on pineapple and sugar plantations. \u00a0By 1905, more than 7,000 Koreans had come to Hawaii to escape the famines and turbulent political climate of Korea. \u00a0Eventually, about half of these Korean workers moved to the mainland and established businesses such as laundry and nail salons, with the remainder returning to Korea.\u00a0 From 1905 to 1924, approximately 2,000 additional Korean immigrants moved to Hawaii and California as picture brides. \u00a0The mass immigration abruptly ended in 1924 when Congress passed the Oriental Exclusion Act of 1924.<\/p>\n<h5><em><strong>Second Wave:<\/strong> <strong>\u00a01950<\/strong> <strong>\u2013<\/strong> <strong>1964<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n<p>After Korea was liberated from Japanese occupation in 1945, Korea was divided in 1948 into the South and the communist North. \u00a0During the Korean War (1950-1953), about 15,000 Koreans moved to America. \u00a0The McCarran and Walter Act of 1952 nullified the 1924 Asian immigration ban and made Asians eligible for citizenship. \u00a0After the war, Korean wives of American soldiers, war orphans adopted by American families, and others migrated to the U.S.\u00a0 Most of the war brides were initially required to live on military bases.\u00a0 The war orphans were mainly of mixed race having American servicemen as fathers.\u00a0 The others, mainly students, professionals, and academics, successfully integrated into American society.<\/p>\n<h5><em><strong>Third Wave<\/strong><strong>:\u00a0 1965 \u2013 present<\/strong><\/em><\/h5>\n<p>The 1965 Immigration and Naturalization Act revoked the national quota system. \u00a0The annual number of Korean immigrants steadily increased beginning in 1965.\u00a0 Conditions in Korea caused massive numbers of Koreans to immigrate in the 1960s through the early 1980s. \u00a0Their children, known as the second generation, comprise the major component of the current Korean-American community. \u00a0Unlike previous immigrants, this wave was mainly white-collar workers in Korea who voluntarily moved to America.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<strong><em>Reference:<\/em><\/strong> <em>History of the Korean-Americans in the Washington Metoropolitan Area (Searchable pdf)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/kafgw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/HKA-Cover-JPG4-scaled.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;HKA Cover JPG4&#8243; url=&#8221;https:\/\/kafgw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/searchable-PDF_min.pdf&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Image&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;28%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<strong><em>Reference:<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/koreandiaspora\/issues\/history-of-korean-immigration-to-america-from-1903-to-present\/\">http:\/\/sites.bu.edu\/koreandiaspora\/issues\/history-of-korean-immigration-to-america-from-1903-to-present\/<\/a>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;68%&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/kafgw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Picture1.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Picture1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;67%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;83%&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; min_height=&#8221;419px&#8221; height=&#8221;133px&#8221; max_height=&#8221;1000px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fig. 1.<\/strong> The S.S.Gaelic brought the first 102 Korean immigrants to Hawaii on January 13,1903.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/kafgw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Picture2.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Picture2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fig. 2.<\/strong> Korean immigrants working in a Hawaiian sugar plantation.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider color=&#8221;#e5e5e5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_4,3_4&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/kafgw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Picture14.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Picture14&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Noto Sans KR|300|||||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Emperor Gojong <\/strong>(reigned 1863-1907)<\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_4,3_4&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/kafgw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Picture16.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Picture16&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Noto Sans KR|300|||||||&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3>King Gojong of Korea dispatched Bobingsa ,<strong> \u00a0the first official Korean delegation to the United States in July 1883<\/strong>.<\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>The official Korean delegation consisted of 10 members, led by the Chief Minister, Min Young-Ik, Vice Minister Hong Young-Sik, and Percival L. Lowell, who acted as the foreign secretary and counsellor.[4] By virtue of his international experience by studying at Keio University in Japan in 1881, Min Young-Ik recommended Kil-Chun be included among the 10 delegates sent to the United States. The Korean delegation arrived in New York on September 17, 1883, having travelled across the country from San Francisco. The next day they met the American President Chester A. Arthur at 11 o\u2019clock in the morning.[5] Stopping in New York only to meet the President, the group travelled on to Boston. They spent a week in the city, visiting schools, companies, and industrial exhibitions, before leaving for Washington,<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_4,3_4&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/kafgw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Picture17.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Picture17&#8243; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;Noto Sans KR|300|||||||&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Emperor Sunjong<\/strong> \u00a0(Regined 1907 \u2013 1910 )and\u00a0 <strong>Empress Sunmyeong<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;31px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Korean Immigrants and Their Legacy in Baltimore 1883 \u2014 2024<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/kafgw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/Korean-Immigrants-and-Their-Legacy-in-Baltimore.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;Korean Immigrants and Their Legacy in Baltimore&#8221; url=&#8221;https:\/\/kafgw.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Korean-Immigrants-and-Their-Legacy-in-Baltimore-1883-2024.pdf&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/PEBeJOytkz4\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Summary of Korean American Immigration HistorySummary of Korean American Immigration HistoryKorean Immigration 1903 \u2013 PresentFirst Wave: \u00a01903 \u2013 1949 The first significant wave of immigration started in 1903, when Koreans arrived in Hawaii to work on pineapple and sugar plantations. \u00a0By 1905, more than 7,000 Koreans had come to Hawaii to escape the famines and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2690","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kafgw.org\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2690","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kafgw.org\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kafgw.org\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kafgw.org\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kafgw.org\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2690"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/kafgw.org\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2690\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3588,"href":"https:\/\/kafgw.org\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2690\/revisions\/3588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kafgw.org\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2690"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}